Subjunctive

a/e

The subjunctive mood is used to express a desire or to make a suggestion about an action. It often takes the meaning of "let (someone) do (something)" or "(someone) should do (something)".

The subjunctive is most commonly used in the first person i.e. "Ben" or "Biz". However it can be used with any of the six personal suffixes.

  1. Positive (E.g. Let me go to school)
  2. Negative (E.g. Let me not go to school)
  3. Positive Question (E.g. Should I go to school?)
  4. Negative Question (E.g. Should I not go to school?)
IBen
YouSen
He / She / ItO
WeBiz
You (Plural)Siz
TheyOnlar
Personal pronouns

Positive

[verb root + "a/e" + personal suffix]

We start with the verb root. Then we attach the correct subjunctive suffix "a" or "e", depending on the last vowel of the verb root. Lastly, we attach the personal suffix.

Last Vowel of verb root▶a/ı/o/ue/i/ö/ü
Ben-[y]ayım-[y]eyim
Sen-[y]asın-[y]esin
O-[y]a-[y]e
Biz-[y]alım-[y]elim
Siz-[y]asınız-[y]esiniz
Onlar-[y]alar-[y]eler
Suffixes to be added to the verb root (Positive)

Examples:

yapmak - to dogörmek - to see
Ben yapayımLet me doBen göreyimLet me see
Biz yapalımLet us doBiz görelimLet us see

If the letter at the end of the verb root is a vowel, we first attach a "y" to avoid having two vowels side by side:

başlamak - to startizlemek - to watch
Ben başlayayımLet me startBen izleyeyimLet me watch
Biz başlayalımLet us startBiz izleyelimLet us watch

Negative

[verb root + "ma/me" + "y" + "a/e" + personal suffix]

For negative, we attach the negative suffix "ma/me" to the verb root depending on its last vowel. Then we attach the buffer letter "y" to avoid having two vowels next to each other. After that we attach the correct subjunctive suffix "a" or "e", depending on the previous vowel. Lastly, we attach the personal suffix.

Last Vowel of verb root▶a/ı/o/ue/i/ö/ü
Ben-mayayım-meyeyim
Sen-mayasın-meyesin
O-maya-meye
Biz-mayalım-meyelim
Siz-mayasınız-meyesiniz
Onlar-mayalar-meyeler
Suffixes added to the verb root (Negative)

Examples:

yapmak - to dogörmek - to see
Ben yapmayayımLet me not doBen görmeyeyimLet me not see
Biz yapmayalımLet us not doBiz görmeyelimLet us not see

Positive Question

[verb root + "a/e" + personal suffix     "mı/mi"]

We can easily turn a positive subjunctive verb into a question. All we do is add one of "mı/mi" after it. These are not suffixes but separate words altogether.

Verbs of this form take the meaning of "Should (someone) do (something)?".

Last Vowel of verb root▶a/ı/o/ue/i/ö/ü
Ben-[y]ayım mı-[y]eyim mi
Sen-[y]asın mı-[y]esin mi
O-[y]a mı-[y]e mi
Biz-[y]alım mı-[y]elim mi
Siz-[y]asınız mı-[y]esiniz mi
Onlar-[y]alar mı-[y]eler mi
Suffixes to be added to the verb root (Positive Question)

Examples:

yapmak - to dogörmek - to see
Ben yapayım mı?Should I do?Ben göreyim mi?Should I see?
Biz yapalım mı?Should we do?Biz görelim mi?Should we see?

Negative Question

[verb root + "ma/me" + "y" + "a/e" + personal suffix     "mı/mi"]

Likewise, we can easily turn a negative subjunctive verb into a question. All we do is add one of "mı/mi" after it. These are not suffixes but separate words altogether.

Verbs of this form take the meaning of "Should (someone) not do (something)?".

Last Vowel of verb root▶a/ı/o/ue/i/ö/ü
Ben-mayayım mı-meyeyim mi
Sen-mayasın mı-meyesin mi
O-maya mı-meye mi
Biz-mayalım mı-meyelim mi
Siz-mayasınız mı-meyesiniz mi
Onlar-mayalar mı-meyeler mi
Suffixes added to the verb root (Negative Question)

Examples:

yapmak - to dogörmek - to see
Ben yapmayayım mı?Should I not do?Ben görmeyeyim mi?Should I not see?
Biz yapmayalım mı?Should we not do?Biz görmeyelim mi?Should we not see?

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