Imperative

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In Turkish we use the imperative to give instructions or express a command. The imperative does not add any suffixes of its own to the verb root.

  1. Positive (E.g. Go!)
  2. Negative (E.g. Don't go!)
IBen
YouSen
He / She / ItO
WeBiz
You (Plural)Siz
TheyOnlar
Personal pronouns

Positive

[verb root + personal suffix]

We don't add any suffix to the verb root for the imperative. We only attach the personal suffix depending on the last vowel of the verb root. Since the imperative expresses a command, it cannot be used for "ben" (I) or "biz" (we).

For "sen" (you singular) there is no personal suffix either. So the imperative form consists of just the verb root.

For "siz" (you plural), if the letter at the end of the verb root is a vowel we also first attach a "y" to prevent having two vowels side by side.

Last Vowel of verb root▶a/ı/o/ue/i/ö/ü
Sen--
O-sın-sin
Siz-[y]ın-[y]in
Onlar-sınlar-sinler
Suffixes to be added to the verb root (Positive)

Examples:

yazmak - to writegelmek - to come
Sen yazWrite!Sen gelCome!
O yazsınLet him/her/it write!O gelsinLet him/her/it come!
Siz yazınWrite!Siz gelinCome!
Onlar yazsınlarLet them write!Onlar gelsinlerLet them come!

For "siz", the buffer letter "y" is added when the last letter of the verb root is a vowel:

başlamak - to startizlemek - to watch
Sen başlaStart!Sen izleWatch!
O başlasınLet him/her/it start!O izlesinLet him/her/it watch!
Siz başlayınızStart!Siz izleyinWatch!
Onlar başlasınlarLet them start!Onlar izlesinlerLet them watch!

Negative

[verb root + "ma/me" + personal suffix]

For negative, we attach the negative suffix "ma/me" to the verb root depending on its last vowel. Thereafter we attach the personal suffix. Once again there is no suffix for the imperative itself.

Last Vowel of verb root▶a/ı/o/ue/i/ö/ü
Sen-ma-me
O-masın-mesin
Siz-mayın-meyin
Onlar-masınlar-mesinler
Suffixes added to the verb root (Negative)

Examples:

yazmak - to writegelmek - to come
Sen yazmaDon't write!Sen gelmeDon't come!
O yazmasınDon't let him/her/it write!O gelmesinDon't let him/her/it come!
Siz yazmayınDon't write!Siz gelmeyinDon't come!
Onlar yazmasınlarDon't let them write!Onlar gelmesinlerDon't let them come!

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